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125 lines
3.2 KiB
ArmAsm

; MEMORY LAYOUT
; R = reserved, U = usable
; --------------------------------------------------------------------
; R | 0x000000 - 0x000400: real-mode interrupt vector table
; R | 0x000400 - 0x000500: bios data area
; U | 0x000500 - 0x007c00: stack
; U | 0x007000 - 0x007c00: big stage0 initial stack frame
; | 0x007000 - 0x007001: boot drive number
; | 0x007001 - 0x007002: boot drive sectors per track
; | 0x007002 - 0x007004: boot drive number of heads
; U | 0x007c00 - 0x007e00: boot sector
; U | 0x007e00 - 0x080000: conventional usable memory
; R | 0x080000 - 0x0a0000: extended bios data area (maximum possible size)
; R | 0x0a0000 - 0x0c0000: video memory
; R | 0x0c0000 - 0x0c8000: video bios
; R | 0x0c8000 - 0x0f0000: bios expansiosn
; R | 0x0f0000 - 0x100000: motherboard bios
; BIOS puts our boot sector at 0000:7c00
org 0x7c00
; We're (probably) in real mode
bits 16
; Disable interrupts
cli
xor ax, ax
mov ds, ax
mov es, ax
; We put stack base at 0x7c00 and give ourselves a big stack frame [0x7000,0x7c00) for spilling to.
; Stack grows high->low, so we'll grow away from our program text at 0x7c00.
mov ss, ax
mov sp, 0x7c00
mov bp, 0x7000
; Segment for VGA (0xb800 * 16 = 0xb8000)
mov ax, 0xb800
mov fs, ax
; Store boot drive number
mov [bp], dl
; Get drive geometry
mov di, 0x00
mov ah, 0x08
int 0x13
jc panic
and cl, 0x3f ; sectors per track
mov [bp + 1], cl
movzx bx, dh
inc bx ; number of heads
mov [bp + 2], bx
; Load LBA 1.
cmp cl, 1 ; division of 1 by nonzero can be done with cmp
sete al ; temp = LBA / (sectors per track)
setne cl ; sector - 1 = LBA % (sectors per track)
inc cl
xor ah, ah ; zero-extend temp
xor dx, dx ; TODO: explain why this is needed for div
div bx ; ah = mod (head), al = div (cylinder)
mov dh, ah ; head
mov ch, al ; cylinder
; we already have sector in cl
mov ah, 2 ; read disk
mov al, 1 ; load one sector
mov bx, 0x7e00
mov dl, [bp] ; drive number
int 0x13
jc panic
; head = temp % number of heads
; cylinder = temp / number of heads
; Set VGA mode
; https://mendelson.org/wpdos/videomodes.txt
mov ax, 0x0003
int 0x10
; mov word fs:[0x0000], 0xc048
; mov word fs:[0x0002], 0xc069
mov al, [0x7e00]
mov byte fs:[0x0000], al
mov al, [0x7e01]
mov byte fs:[0x0002], al
mov al, [0x7e02]
mov byte fs:[0x0004], al
hlt
panic:
mov ax, 0x0003
int 0x10
mov ax, 0xb800
mov ds, ax
mov word [0x0000], 0x4f46
mov word [0x0002], 0x4f41
mov word [0x0004], 0x4f49
mov word [0x0006], 0x4f4c
hlt
; TODO: enable A20
; TODO: load a second stage
; TODO: grab all the info we can from bios interrupts and deliver it to ths OS nicely
; e.g. in a fixed memory location
; TODO:
; - Generate GPT in justfile
; - Parse global parition table
; - Load second stage from GPT partition with a particular UUID / name like GRUB does
; (it's Hah!IdontNeedEFI in GRUB)
; - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BIOS_boot_partition
; - Future work:
; - Boot from UEFI
; - Boot on non-GPT partitioned disk
; MBR bootstrap field is 440 bytes long
%if ($ - $$) > 440
%error "exceeded mbr bootstrap field size"
%endif